Introduction
NARC G1 garlic was introduced at NARC (National Agriculture Research Council) in 2018 by agriculture scientist Dr. Hamayun khan. Now it is cultivated on vast area at Banu Mukhtar Farms as well as many other places.
G1 garlic is the best source of vitamin A, C, E and K.
Garlic, Allium sativum, is an herbaceous, annual, bulbous plant in the family Amaryllidaceae grown for its pungent, edible bulb of the same name. It is a popular cooking ingredient used in kitchens all over the world. This plant is useful for many medicinal purposes. Cultivating garlic under cover gives you quick, easy access to a natural prebiotic that fights many diseases and strengthens immunity. Eating just one clove of garlic a day for a short time can give you positive effects. The combination of these nutrients in garlic can replace the need for many pharmaceutical drugs.
Effect of low temperature
Garlic requires cool air temperatures of (0-10 degree) during its first two months of growth when roots are established and bulbs being to form. This is because garlic needs cool weather to stimulate growth at the beginning of its life, but cold weather can also damage mature garlic foliage.
Garlic plants are very cold, hardy and can tolerate temperatures well below freezing point. When properly planted, garlic can withstand winter lows of temperature. If garlic is planted too early, too much tender top growth happens before winter.
If garlic is planted too late, there will be inadequate root growth before the winter, and will result in lower survival rate as well as smaller bulbs. Generally, garlic plants enjoy cool weather for vigorous growth, but they also need heat for bulb development. Plants can quickly dry out and die once their roots have become exposed to cold temperature.
A thick layer of mulch is a good insurance against frost heave. It can endure cold temperatures to a great extent, but it won’t be able to tolerate excessive heat. Among these environmental factors, photoperiod and temperature may be the key to regulate the garlic bulb development.
Garlic does not like repeated freezing and thawing. Frost heaves can tear the young roots from the cloves. Frost heave is the result of pressure created from a combination of freezing temperatures and soil defrosting. The fluctuating freezing and thawing conditions heave, or lift, the soil, which is often characterized by deep cracking of the soil.
Temperature below optimal will lead to a decrease in enzyme activity and slower metabolism, while higher temperature can denature proteins such as enzymes and carrier proteins, leading to cell death.
Effect of high temperature
Bulb formation by the garlic plant and successive growth are inclined by photoperiod and temperature. Bulb formation is promoted by long days and high temperature. Lower night temperature in the initiation of bulb development is significant and far-red light was also obligatory.
If region receives excessive hot summer where temperature raise above 32.5 to 35 c, garlic will stop growing. As mentioned, once the cloves develop roots, they can tolerate the hot weather greatly, but there is an endurance limit. Temperatures around 32.5 to 35c will stunt the growth of garlic and bulb size will be smaller than the expectations. If the temperature rises above 32.5 to35c degree, which is quite common during the summer in warmer regions, the cloves can de-vernalize and bulb size will remain small.